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LOMNICKY STIT OBSERVATORY SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM 2024
Summer 2024, Lomnicky Stit Observatory, AISAS, Slovakia

INTERNSHIP TIME PLAN

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DAY 1:

- arrival to the LSO
- acclimatization
- life at the LSO

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DAY 2:

* LSO:
  - history
  - building inside+outside
  - infrastructure 
    
* Why are we here at 2633 m asl?
  - natural solar eclipse
  - attempts to make an artificial solar eclipse:
    Rayleigh scattering -> high-altitude observatories: MRS, PdM, ...
  - observatories nowadays
  - is the high altitude enough?

* Bernard Lyot genius - part 1: coronagraph
  - searching for the instrumental scattered light sources:
    objective lens itself, its aperture limit
  - solutions: single high-quality well polished clean lens
               field lens
               Lyot stop (glare stop)
	       2 lenses for 2 purposes
	       artificial moon
	       2 optical systems in 1 instrument
	       nowadays: night-time coronagraphy: extra-solar planets 
  - new problems: obj. lens focal distance ~ wavelength
                  image quality (paraxial and outer beams, focal plane sharpness)
  - coronal stations in the world
  - ZEISS 200/300/400 coronagraph (Carl Zeiss Jena, ~1960):
    - sketch
    - in reality: optics - obj. lens, art. moon, field lens, Lyot stop, 3 add. lenses,
                           re-imaging objective
                  mechanics: front tube, diffuser, intensity calibration mask,
		             obj. lens focusing, atr. moon exchange, post-focus instrument
			     radial shift + rotation
  
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DAY 3:

* Pointing to the Sun
  - theory: motion of the Sun during the course of a day
  - practice: mount: northern axis, equatorial plane, hour drive
              atmosphere: scattering and differential diffraction
              coronagraph tube: bending
  - solution: a separate pointing system: idea, opt.+mech. realization, diodes
              computing system, a-drive + d-drive actions -> active optics
  - doubled solution: mutual pointing of two coronagraphs	      
  - the terrestrial atmosphere - seeing: scattering + blurring 
  - the LSO location: height, surrounding, location, weather, problems: water vapor,
    dust, pollen, insects, snowflakes, fog, clouds, global/local warming
  - LSO statistics	     
  - dreams: height, location

* Auxiliary "minor" details:
  - dome and its slit
  - telescope mount
  - the isolated el. network
  - el. charge problems: modes of operation
  - heating of the dome
  - heating/cooling of instruments
  - server room and computer network

* Bernard Lyot genius - part 2: Lyot-Ohman filter
  - aim
  - post-focus instrument for coronagraph - spectrometer (prism, diffraction grating, FPI, LF)
  - polarization + interference
  - multi stage LF
  - tuning of the LF
  - CoMP-S instrument: prefilters, calibration optics, LF, additional optics, cameras

* Preparation and running of the coronagraphic observations at the LSO:
  - idea/hypothesis
  - feasibility? interest? 
  - technical parameters -> RCPs,CBKs for LV code
  - itinerary
  - prioritized list of the observing programs
  - selection of the target
  - manuals
  - operation of the UJ2P and CoMP-S instruments
  - data handling
  - LSO - how we manage things
  
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DAY 4:

* Real observing day
  - practical performance of the coronagraphic observations using the UJ2P+CoMP-S
    instruments

* LSO projects: previous/actual/future
  - time-latitude distribution of the H alpha prominences
  - time-latitude distribution of the green corona
  - CoMP-S: AISAS Mechanisms (diffuser, focus, rotation, target, abso mask);
            polarimetric package
  - diffraction grating testing spectrograph -> SCD instrument
  - dome: automatic rotation, white painting
  - SLED instrument
  - remote control

* LSO CoMP-S data reduction:
  - detector
  - dark + bias
  - chip
  - flat
  - abso
  - targ
  
* LSO science:
  - tornado for (in)stability of prominences
  - mass of prominences
  - coronal rain
  - coronal waves

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DAY 5:

- departure from the LSO

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